強電一(yi)般是指(zhi)交流電電壓(ya)在24V以上。如家庭中的(de)電燈(deng)、插(cha)座(zuo)等，電壓(ya)在110V~220V。家用電氣(qi) 中的(de)照明燈(deng)具(ju)、、取暖器、冰箱、電(dian)視機(ji)、空調、音響設(she)備等用電(dian)器均(jun)為強(qiang)電(dian)電(dian)氣設(she)備。

電(dian)子(zi)類人們習(xi)慣分為強(qiang)電(dian)（電(dian)力）和弱電(dian)（信(xin)息(xi)）兩(liang)(liang)部分。兩(liang)(liang)者(zhe)既有聯系又有區別，一般來說強(qiang)電(dian)的(de)處理對象是能源（電(dian)力），其特點是電(dian)壓高(gao)、電(dian)流大、功率(lv)大、頻(pin)率(lv)低，主要(yao)考慮的(de)問(wen)題(ti)是減(jian)少損耗(hao)、提高(gao)效率(lv)，弱電(dian)的(de)處理對象主要(yao)是信(xin)息(xi)，即信(xin)息(xi)的(de)傳送和控制，其特點是電(dian)壓低、電(dian)流小、功率(lv)小、頻(pin)率(lv)高(gao)，主要(yao)考慮的(de)是信(xin)息(xi)傳送的(de)效果問(wen)題(ti)，如(ru)信(xin)息(xi)傳送的(de)保真度(du)、速(su)度(du)、廣度(du)、可靠(kao)性。一般來說，包括電(dian)視工程(cheng)、通信工程(cheng)、消防工程(cheng)、保(bao)安工程(cheng)、影像工程(cheng)等等和為上述工程(cheng)服務的綜(zong)合布線工程(cheng)。弱電(dian)是針對(dui)強(qiang)電(dian)而言的。強(qiang)電(dian)=（380/220）、高壓(ya)不管(guan)。 ;

在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力系統中，36v以下的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)安全(quan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，1kv以下的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，1kv以上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，直接(jie)供電(dian)(dian)給用戶(hu)的(de)線路(lu)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)配電(dian)(dian)線路(lu)，如用戶(hu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)(wei)380/220v，則稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)配電(dian)(dian)線路(lu)，也(ye)就是家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)裝修中所說的(de)強電(dian)(dian)（因它是家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)使(shi)用最高(gao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)）。強電(dian)(dian)一般(ban)是指(zhi)交流電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)在(zai)24V以上。如家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)燈、插座等，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)在(zai)110V~220V。家(jia)(jia)用電(dian)(dian)氣 中的(de)照明燈具、電(dian)(dian)熱水器、取暖器、冰箱、電(dian)(dian)視機、空調(diao)、音響設備等用電(dian)(dian)器均為(wei)(wei)(wei)強電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)氣設備。

    二、弱(ruo)電(dian)的定義

弱電一般是指(zhi)路(lu)或(huo)音(yin)頻(pin)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)、視頻(pin)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)、網絡(luo)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)、電話線(xian)(xian)路(lu)等信號線(xian)(xian)路(lu)，直流(liu)電壓一般(ban)在32V以(yi)內。

家用電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、電(dian)(dian)(dian)視機的信號輸(shu)入(ru)（有線電(dian)(dian)(dian)視線路）、音響(xiang)設(she)備(bei)(bei)（輸(shu)出端線路）等電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)均為弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)。 

智(zhi)能(neng)化系(xi)統(tong)(tong)為(wei)(wei)建(jian)筑設(she)備(bei)監控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、安全防(fang)范系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、通訊(xun)網絡系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、信(xin)息網絡系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、火災自(zi)動(dong)報(bao)警及消防(fang)聯動(dong)等系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，以(yi)集中(zhong)(zhong)監視(shi)、控制和管(guan)理為(wei)(wei)目(mu)的構成的綜(zong)合系(xi)統(tong)(tong)；家庭內各(ge)種數據采(cai)集、控制、管(guan)理及通訊(xun)的控制或(huo)(huo)網絡系(xi)統(tong)(tong)等線路(lu)，則稱為(wei)(wei)智(zhi)能(neng)化線路(lu)（也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)家庭裝修中(zhong)(zhong)所說的弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）。弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一般(ban)是(shi)指直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)或(huo)(huo)音(yin)頻、視(shi)頻線路(lu)、網絡線路(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話線路(lu)，直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓一般(ban)在24V以(yi)內。家用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)機的信(xin)號輸入（有線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)線路(lu)）、音(yin)響設(she)備(bei)（輸出(chu)端(duan)線路(lu)）等用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器均(jun)為(wei)(wei)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)。

三、強電與弱電的區別

和弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)從(cong)概念上講，一般是(shi)容易區別的，主(zhu)要區別是(shi)用途的不(bu)同。強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)用作一種動力能源，弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)用于(yu)信息傳遞。它們大致有(you)如下區別： 

（1）交(jiao)流頻率不同(tong) 

強電的(de)頻(pin)率一般是50Hz（赫(he)），稱“工頻(pin)”，意即(ji)工業用電的(de)頻(pin)率：弱電的(de)頻(pin)率往往是高(gao)頻(pin)或特高(gao)頻(pin)，以KHz（千赫(he)）、MHz（兆赫(he)）計。 

（2）傳輸方式不同 

強電(dian)(dian)以(yi)輸電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸，弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)的傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸有有線(xian)與無(wu)(wu)線(xian)之分。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)則以(yi)電(dian)(dian)磁波傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸。 

（3）功(gong)率、電(dian)壓(ya)及電(dian)流大小不同 

強電(dian)(dian)功率(lv)以(yi)(yi)KW（千(qian)瓦(wa)）、MW（兆瓦(wa)）計(ji)(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)(yi)V（伏(fu)(fu)(fu)）、KV（千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)）計(ji)(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)以(yi)(yi)A（安）、kA（千(qian)安）計(ji)(ji)(ji)；弱電(dian)(dian)功率(lv)以(yi)(yi)W（瓦(wa)）、mW（毫(hao)瓦(wa)）計(ji)(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)(yi)V（伏(fu)(fu)(fu)）、mV（毫(hao)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)）計(ji)(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)以(yi)(yi)mA（毫(hao)安）、uA（微安）計(ji)(ji)(ji)，因而其電(dian)(dian)路(lu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用印刷電(dian)(dian)路(lu)或集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)構成(cheng)。 

強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)中(zhong)也有(you)高頻（數百KHz）與(yu)(yu)中(zhong)頻設備，但電(dian)壓(ya)較(jiao)高，電(dian)流也較(jiao)大。由(you)于現(xian)代技術的(de)發(fa)展，弱電(dian)已滲透(tou)到強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)領域，如電(dian)力電(dian)子器(qi)件、無線遙控等，但這些只能算作(zuo)強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)中(zhong)的(de)弱電(dian)控制部分(fen)，它與(yu)(yu)被控的(de)強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)還(huan)是不同的(de)。

                                                                   （編輯：楊劍鋒）